第1部分：词汇选项(第1。15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1 I believe that her account of what happened is very accurate.
A simple B precise C vivid D close
2 He based his conclusion on the evidence given by the prisoner.
A offered B worked C made D satisfied
3 The union called off the strike at the last minute yesterday.
A cancelled B staged C lengthened D organized
4 I have earned a lot of money, but that is not the issue.
A goal B task C key D point
5 There has been a lot of debate among us about the necessity to save money
A talk B suggestions C discussion D ideas
6 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in October.
A show B mark C record D carry
7 He endured unbearable agonies before he finally passed away.
A left B relaxed C died D slept
8 0il leaking from a boat or ship may pose a hazard to drinking water.
A odor B disease C danger D smell
9 The firemen made a spectacular rescue yesterday.
A timely B wonderful C clever D cooperative
10 She was unwilling to go, but she had no choice.
A ready B angry C sorry D reluctant
11.It was unfortunate that she had erased the message.
A heard of B rubbed out C looked at D spoken out
12.He came back home fatigued.
A exhausted B scared C worried D frightened
13.The woman living next door is extremely slender.
A slim B tall C weak D pale
14.Your accusation is wholly without foundation.
A almost B probably C evidently D completely
15.He was obsessed with American horror movies.
A kept thinking about B took advantage of
C paid no attention to D cared nothing about
第2部分：阅读判断(第16—22题，每题1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Baseline Exam Is Key to Eye Health
Even people with no signs or risk factors for eye disease can suffer vision loss and need to get baseline (基线) eye exams at age 40, says the American Academy of Ophthalmology The reminder (提示) is part of the AAO's EyeSmart campaign to mark Save Your Vision Month in February.
"Many eye diseases progress without any warning signs," Dr. Stephanie Marioneaux,a initical correspondent for the AAO, said in a prepared statement. "Gradual changes in vision can affect your ability to function independently and have confidence in your abilities. "
Based on the findings from the initial screening, an eye doctor will create a schedule for follow-up eye exams.
People of any age who have symptoms of eye disease or are at high risk due to family history, diabetes (糖尿病) or high blood pressure should consult with their eye doctor to determine how often they should have their eyes checked, the AAO recommends.
By 2020, 43 million Americans will be at significant risk for vision loss or blindness due to age-related eye diseases such as cataracts (白内障) and glaucoma (青光眼) That's a more than 50 percent increase over the current number of Americans with such vision-
threatening diseases.
But many Americans are unconcerned about the risk of vision loss. Only 23 percent of Americans are very concerned about losing their vision, while most feel weight gain and joint or back pain are greater worries than vision loss, according to an AAO survey conducted for its EyeSmart campaign.
16 People with no signs of eye disease don't need any eye exams.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
17 Changes in vision cannot affect people's lives.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
18 There's a great shortage of eye doctors in the US.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19 High blood pressure is one of the risk factors for eye disease.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
20 0lder people are at higher risk for vision loss or blindness.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21 Most Americans are worried about the risk of vision loss.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22 Weight gain and joint or back pain are big worries in Europe.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23—30题，每题1分，共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23-6题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段,每段选择1个标题;(2)第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个选项。
The Ebola Outbreak
You are likely aware that several countries in West Africa are battling an Ebola outbreak Ebola is a dangerous and often lethal viral infection. Scientists believe that humans contracted the virus by eating the meat of rare animals. It is now believed that bats are the primary carrier of the virus.
2 To date, there are only three major countries in West Africa experiencing a major outbreak: Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea. However, other countries such as Nigeria have reported confirmed cases of Ebola within their borders.
3 Unless you recently visited one of the three affected West African countries, your risk of contracting the virus is virtually zero. Unlike other recent airborne viral outbreaks like SARS, the Ebola virus can only be spread through direct contact with an infected person.
Specifically, Ebola is spread through contact with body fluids. Though the virus is transmittable, only an infected person exhibiting symptoms is communicable.
4 The signs and symptoms of Ebola are non-specific and patients typically exhibit them after a week of contracting the virus. Symptoms may appear as early as two days or as late as three weeks after initial infection. Symptoms include disgust, weakness and stomach pain. More uncommon symptoms include chest pain, bleeding and sore throat.
5 Ebola is devastating because of its ability to attack and replicate in every organ of the body. This causes an overstimulation of the body's inflammatory response, causing the flu- like symptoms. The virus also causes bleeding and impairs the body's normal clotting mechanism (凝血机制), making bleeding even more severe. Loss of blood volume and decreased organ perfusion灌注) ultimately lead to organ failure and death.
6 The current outbreak is the deadliest viral outbreak in over 35 years. While diseases such as the malaria (疟疾) are far more communicable, Ebola is one of the world's most fatal viral infections; Ebola's fatality rate exceeds that of SARS.
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 5
A Am I at risk of contracting the virus?
B How do I know if I have contracted the virus?
C What caused the Ebola outbreak?
D What exactly does Ebola do to the body?
E Is the current outbreak the deadliest?
F What areas are currently affected7
27 The initial Ebola outbreak was found in
28 The difference between SARS and Ebola viruses I
29 The symptoms of the patients after being infected
30 The Ebola virus transmits by contact with lies in may first appear
A infected body fluids
B the mode of transmission
C within a wide range of days
D three countries in West Africa
E against the outbreak severity
F the initial days of being infected
第4部分：阅读理解(第31~ 45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个选项。
第一篇
More Americans Getting High Blood Pressure
The number of Americans with high blood pressure is on the rise thanks in large part to growing rates of obesity (过度肥胖) , researchers said on Tuesday.
But increasing numbers of those with high blood pressure, also called hypertension, are getting the condition treated, researchers from the US government's National Institutes of Health ( NIH) wrote in the journal Hypertension.
High blood pressure can lead to stroke, heart attack, heart failure or kidney (肾)failure. It is sometimes called the "silent killer" because it has no symptoms, and many people have it for years without knowing it.
Data spanning six years through 2004 showed that 29 percent of US adults had high blood pressure, compared t0 24 percent in the six-year period ending in 1994, the
researchers said.
"The percentage of the population with high blood pressure is increasing," Dr. Jeffrey Cutler of the NIH's National Heart, Lung, a telephone interview.
Some of the leading factors behind high blood pressure overweight, not getting regular physical activity, smoking and too The study showed blacks continued to have higher rates of whites.
going the wrong way-it's and Blood Institute said in include being obese or much salt in the diet.
high blood pressure than During the 1999-2004 period, 61 percent of those with high blood pressure were undergoing treatment for it and 35 percent had their blood pressure under control, the researchers said. A number of different drugs are used to treat hypertension.
The findings were based on data on a nationally representative sample of 16,351 US adults for 1988-1994 and 14,430 adults for 1999-2004.
31 The number of Americans with hypertension is
A smaller than before.
B greater than before.
C the same as before.
D hard to calculate.
32 Hypertension may lead to
A stroke.
B heart attack.
C kidney failure.
D all of the above.
33 Hypertension is sometimes called
A its causes remain unknown.
B it often has no symptoms.
C it's a lifelong condition.
D it's treated secretly.
34 Twenty-nine percent of US adults
A during the 1988-2004 period.
B during the 1994-1999 period.
C during the 1999-2004 period.
D during the 1988-1994 period.
35. Which of the following is NOT a likely cause of hypertension?
A Constant smoking.
B Obesity or overweight.
C Regular physical activity.
D Too much salt in the diet.
New US Plan for Disease Prevention
Urging Americans to take responsibility for their health, Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson on Tuesday launched a $15 million program to try to encourage communities to do more to prevent chronic diseases like heart disease, cancer and diabetes (糖尿病) .
The initiative (倡议) highlights the cost of chronic diseases-the leading causes of death in the United States-and outlines ways that people can prevent them, including better diet and increased exercise.
"In the United States today, 7 0f 10 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness, disability and health care costs are caused by chronic diseases," the Health and Human Services Department said in a statement.
The causes are often behavioral-smoking, poor eating habits and a lack of exercise. "I am convinced that preventing disease by promoting better health is a smart policy choice for our future," Thompson told a conference held to launch the initiative. "Our current health care system is not structured to deal with the rising costs of treating diseases that are largely preventable through changes in our lifestyle choices. "
Thompson said heart disease and strokes will cost the country more than $351 billion in 2003. "These leading causes of death for men and women are largely preventable, yet we as a nation are not taking the steps necessary for us to lead healthier, longer lives," he said.
The $15 million is scheduled to go to communities to promote prevention, pushing for changes as simple as building sidewalks to encourage people to walk more. Daily exercise such as walking can prevent and even reverse heart disease and diabetes, and prevent cancer and strokes.
The money will also go to community organizations, clinics and nutritionists (营养开云kaiyun(中国)家)who are being encouraged to work together to educate people at risk of diabetes about what they can do to prevent it and encourage more cancer screening.
The American Cancer Society estimates that half of all cancers can be caught by screening. If such cancers were all caught by early screening, the Society estimates that the survival rate for cancer would rise t0 95 percent.
36 The $15 million program is aimed at
A promoting disease prevention.
B building more sidewalks.
C helping needy communities.
D wiping out chronic diseases.
37 Which of the following is NOT true of chronic diseases in the US?
A They account for 70% of all deaths.
B They are responsible for most of the health care costs.
C They often result in unhealthy lifestyles.
D They are largely preventable.
38 The author mentions the following as ways of disease prevention except
A better diet
B more exercise
C reduction on smoking.
D daily screening.
39 The passage indicates that more money spent on disease prevents will mean .
A greater responsibility of the government
B less money needed for disease treatment
C higher costs of health care
D more lifestyle choices for people
40.Early cancer screening can help reduce significantly
A the death rates for all chronic diseases
B the kinds of cancer attacking people
C the cancer incidence rate
D the cancer death rate
第三篇
Dangers Await Babies with Altitude
Women who live in the world’s highest communities tend to give birth to underweight babies. a new study suggests .These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes. .
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average. But it wasn't clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitudes or because their mothers are under-nourish-many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living tower down.
To find out more, Dino Giussain and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998. The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities: La Paz and Santa Cruz is the highest city in the world. At 3. 65 kilometer above sea level, while Santa Cruze is much lower. at 0. 44 kilometers.
Sure enough Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz. "This was true in both high and low-income families. Even babies born to poor family in Setnta Cruz were behavior on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty (地势极高的)La Paz. “We were very surprised by this result," says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies born at high altitudes are deprived of oxygen before birth. "This may trigger the release that regulate growth of the unborn child," says Giussani. His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have larger heads compared with their bodies. This is probably because a fetus ( 胚胎) starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of the body.
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life. People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood, for example. Low birthweight is a risk factor for coronary (冠状的) heart disease. And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.
41 What does the new study discover?
A Babies born to wealthy families are heavier. .
B Newborns in cities are lighter than average.
C Low-altitude babies have a high risk of health disease in later life
D Women living at high altitudes tend to give birth to underweight .
42 Giussani and his team are sure that
A people living in La Paz are poor than those in Santa Cruz.
B the birthweight of babies born to wealthy families is above average.
C babies born in La Paz are on average lighter than those in Santa Cruz,
D mothers in La Paz are commonly under-nourished.
43 It can be inferred from what Giussani says铺 Paragraph 4 that
A he was very tired. .:
B the finding was unexpected.
C the study took longer than expected.
D he was surprised to find low-income families in La Paz
44 The results of the study indica:k3 the reason for the birth of underweight babies is
A lack of certain nutrition
B poverty of their mothers.
C reduction of oxygen levels.
D different family backgrounds
45 It can be learnt from the last paragraph that
A underweight babies have a shorter life span.
B high-altitude babies tend to have high blood pressure in their later life
C babies born to poor families lack certain hormones before birth
D newborns in wealthy families have larger heads compared with their bodies
第5部分：补全短文(第46 ~50题，每题2分共10分)
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌
Lung Cancer
The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years percent in males (46) There are many possible causes, but.it is still controversial which are most blameworthy. Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants (刺激物) in the air, and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.
----- (47) Among heavy smokers—21 to 30 cigarettes per day-the mortality rate from nonsmokers. It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.
Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis. Too often, however, a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from X-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer. _ (48) Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger, at least to those over 40 years of age, that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely removed.(49) The tumor may grow until the bronchus (支气管) is blocked, cutting off the supply of air to that lung. The lung then collapses, and the secretions (分泌物) trapped in the lung spaces become infected, with a resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess (脓肿). Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as the brain and other parts of the body. The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure, before secondary growths have had time to form, is to remove the lung completely. _ _ (50)
Malignant (恶性的) tumors of the stomach, the breast and other organs may spread to the lungs, causing secondary growths.
A Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.
B A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma, so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus.
C It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts.
D Routine X-ray chest examination is not dangerous.
E Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained.
F This operation is called pneumonectomy.
第6部分：完形填空(第51~ 65题，每题1分，共15分)
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个选项。
Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System a Boost
Eating potatoes is not only good for system, especially when they come in the bowel health, but (51)of a study on an animal model, researchers found that pigs also for the whole immune potato salad or eaten cold. In ( 52 ) with large quantities of raw potato starch ( RPS) not only had a healthier bowel, but also decreased levels of white blood cells, such as leucocytes (白细胞) and lymphocytes (淋巴细胞) in their blood. White blood cells are produced as a result of inflammation or disease, generally when the body is (53) The general down-regulation of leucocytes (54) by the researchers suggests an overall beneficial effect, a generally more healthy body. The reduction in leucocyte levels was about 15 percent. Lower lymphocyte levels are also indicative levels of inflammation, but the observed reduction in both lymphocyte apoptosis (凋亡) is In what was the longest study of its _find out the effect of starch (淀粉) on bowel experiment is ( 55 ) reduced density and - ( 57) , pigs were fed RPS over 14 weeks to health. "The use of raw potato starch in this (58) to simulate the effects of a diet high in resistant starch," said study leader Jose Perez at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain umans do not eat raw potatoes,resistant starch, such as cold boiled percent of the starch _ (60) by ( 59) they do eat a lot of foods that certain potatoes, grains, and green bananas. About 10 human is resistant starch-starch that is not digested in the small intestine (小肠) and so is transferred into the large intestine N ( 61 ) it ferments (发酵). Starch consumption is thought to reduce the risk of large bowel cancer and may also have an effect _ (62) irritable bowel syndrome (lBS).
Immunology expert Lena Ohman’s team previously found that the overall lymphocyte levels do not _ (63) peripheral blood to the gut for lBS patients, but that lymphocytes are transferred from the(内脏), which support the hypothesis of lBS being at least - ( 64) an inflammatory disorder. She says the decrease in lymphocytes observed by the Spanish is therefore interesting, and a _ (65) of resistant starch may be worth trying in lBS patients.
51 A type B class C manner D form
52 A sent B brought C fed D taken
53 A challenged B considered C delivered D encouraged
54 A caused B observed C participated D covered
55 A of B to C into D in
56 A amusing B frustrating C surprising D charming
57 A shape B way C fashion D kind
58 A designated B designed C discovered D displayed
59 A so B but C since D as
60 A eaten B produced C searched D located
61 A when B which . C why D where
62 A on B onto C under D beneath
63 A choose B value C vary D increase
64 A totally B partially C luckily D pleasantly
65 A role B secret C function D diet
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1 I believe that her account of what happened is very accurate.
A simple B precise C vivid D close
2 He based his conclusion on the evidence given by the prisoner.
A offered B worked C made D satisfied
3 The union called off the strike at the last minute yesterday.
A cancelled B staged C lengthened D organized
4 I have earned a lot of money, but that is not the issue.
A goal B task C key D point
5 There has been a lot of debate among us about the necessity to save money
A talk B suggestions C discussion D ideas
6 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in October.
A show B mark C record D carry
7 He endured unbearable agonies before he finally passed away.
A left B relaxed C died D slept
8 0il leaking from a boat or ship may pose a hazard to drinking water.
A odor B disease C danger D smell
9 The firemen made a spectacular rescue yesterday.
A timely B wonderful C clever D cooperative
10 She was unwilling to go, but she had no choice.
A ready B angry C sorry D reluctant
11.It was unfortunate that she had erased the message.
A heard of B rubbed out C looked at D spoken out
12.He came back home fatigued.
A exhausted B scared C worried D frightened
13.The woman living next door is extremely slender.
A slim B tall C weak D pale
14.Your accusation is wholly without foundation.
A almost B probably C evidently D completely
15.He was obsessed with American horror movies.
A kept thinking about B took advantage of
C paid no attention to D cared nothing about
第2部分：阅读判断(第16—22题，每题1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Baseline Exam Is Key to Eye Health
Even people with no signs or risk factors for eye disease can suffer vision loss and need to get baseline (基线) eye exams at age 40, says the American Academy of Ophthalmology The reminder (提示) is part of the AAO's EyeSmart campaign to mark Save Your Vision Month in February.
"Many eye diseases progress without any warning signs," Dr. Stephanie Marioneaux,a initical correspondent for the AAO, said in a prepared statement. "Gradual changes in vision can affect your ability to function independently and have confidence in your abilities. "
Based on the findings from the initial screening, an eye doctor will create a schedule for follow-up eye exams.
People of any age who have symptoms of eye disease or are at high risk due to family history, diabetes (糖尿病) or high blood pressure should consult with their eye doctor to determine how often they should have their eyes checked, the AAO recommends.
By 2020, 43 million Americans will be at significant risk for vision loss or blindness due to age-related eye diseases such as cataracts (白内障) and glaucoma (青光眼) That's a more than 50 percent increase over the current number of Americans with such vision-
threatening diseases.
But many Americans are unconcerned about the risk of vision loss. Only 23 percent of Americans are very concerned about losing their vision, while most feel weight gain and joint or back pain are greater worries than vision loss, according to an AAO survey conducted for its EyeSmart campaign.
16 People with no signs of eye disease don't need any eye exams.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
17 Changes in vision cannot affect people's lives.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
18 There's a great shortage of eye doctors in the US.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19 High blood pressure is one of the risk factors for eye disease.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
20 0lder people are at higher risk for vision loss or blindness.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21 Most Americans are worried about the risk of vision loss.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22 Weight gain and joint or back pain are big worries in Europe.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23—30题，每题1分，共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23-6题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段,每段选择1个标题;(2)第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个选项。
The Ebola Outbreak
You are likely aware that several countries in West Africa are battling an Ebola outbreak Ebola is a dangerous and often lethal viral infection. Scientists believe that humans contracted the virus by eating the meat of rare animals. It is now believed that bats are the primary carrier of the virus.
2 To date, there are only three major countries in West Africa experiencing a major outbreak: Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea. However, other countries such as Nigeria have reported confirmed cases of Ebola within their borders.
3 Unless you recently visited one of the three affected West African countries, your risk of contracting the virus is virtually zero. Unlike other recent airborne viral outbreaks like SARS, the Ebola virus can only be spread through direct contact with an infected person.
Specifically, Ebola is spread through contact with body fluids. Though the virus is transmittable, only an infected person exhibiting symptoms is communicable.
4 The signs and symptoms of Ebola are non-specific and patients typically exhibit them after a week of contracting the virus. Symptoms may appear as early as two days or as late as three weeks after initial infection. Symptoms include disgust, weakness and stomach pain. More uncommon symptoms include chest pain, bleeding and sore throat.
5 Ebola is devastating because of its ability to attack and replicate in every organ of the body. This causes an overstimulation of the body's inflammatory response, causing the flu- like symptoms. The virus also causes bleeding and impairs the body's normal clotting mechanism (凝血机制), making bleeding even more severe. Loss of blood volume and decreased organ perfusion灌注) ultimately lead to organ failure and death.
6 The current outbreak is the deadliest viral outbreak in over 35 years. While diseases such as the malaria (疟疾) are far more communicable, Ebola is one of the world's most fatal viral infections; Ebola's fatality rate exceeds that of SARS.
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 5
A Am I at risk of contracting the virus?
B How do I know if I have contracted the virus?
C What caused the Ebola outbreak?
D What exactly does Ebola do to the body?
E Is the current outbreak the deadliest?
F What areas are currently affected7
27 The initial Ebola outbreak was found in
28 The difference between SARS and Ebola viruses I
29 The symptoms of the patients after being infected
30 The Ebola virus transmits by contact with lies in may first appear
A infected body fluids
B the mode of transmission
C within a wide range of days
D three countries in West Africa
E against the outbreak severity
F the initial days of being infected
第4部分：阅读理解(第31~ 45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个选项。
第一篇
More Americans Getting High Blood Pressure
The number of Americans with high blood pressure is on the rise thanks in large part to growing rates of obesity (过度肥胖) , researchers said on Tuesday.
But increasing numbers of those with high blood pressure, also called hypertension, are getting the condition treated, researchers from the US government's National Institutes of Health ( NIH) wrote in the journal Hypertension.
High blood pressure can lead to stroke, heart attack, heart failure or kidney (肾)failure. It is sometimes called the "silent killer" because it has no symptoms, and many people have it for years without knowing it.
Data spanning six years through 2004 showed that 29 percent of US adults had high blood pressure, compared t0 24 percent in the six-year period ending in 1994, the
researchers said.
"The percentage of the population with high blood pressure is increasing," Dr. Jeffrey Cutler of the NIH's National Heart, Lung, a telephone interview.
Some of the leading factors behind high blood pressure overweight, not getting regular physical activity, smoking and too The study showed blacks continued to have higher rates of whites.
going the wrong way-it's and Blood Institute said in include being obese or much salt in the diet.
high blood pressure than During the 1999-2004 period, 61 percent of those with high blood pressure were undergoing treatment for it and 35 percent had their blood pressure under control, the researchers said. A number of different drugs are used to treat hypertension.
The findings were based on data on a nationally representative sample of 16,351 US adults for 1988-1994 and 14,430 adults for 1999-2004.
31 The number of Americans with hypertension is
A smaller than before.
B greater than before.
C the same as before.
D hard to calculate.
32 Hypertension may lead to
A stroke.
B heart attack.
C kidney failure.
D all of the above.
33 Hypertension is sometimes called
A its causes remain unknown.
B it often has no symptoms.
C it's a lifelong condition.
D it's treated secretly.
34 Twenty-nine percent of US adults
A during the 1988-2004 period.
B during the 1994-1999 period.
C during the 1999-2004 period.
D during the 1988-1994 period.
35. Which of the following is NOT a likely cause of hypertension?
A Constant smoking.
B Obesity or overweight.
C Regular physical activity.
D Too much salt in the diet.
New US Plan for Disease Prevention
Urging Americans to take responsibility for their health, Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson on Tuesday launched a $15 million program to try to encourage communities to do more to prevent chronic diseases like heart disease, cancer and diabetes (糖尿病) .
The initiative (倡议) highlights the cost of chronic diseases-the leading causes of death in the United States-and outlines ways that people can prevent them, including better diet and increased exercise.
"In the United States today, 7 0f 10 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness, disability and health care costs are caused by chronic diseases," the Health and Human Services Department said in a statement.
The causes are often behavioral-smoking, poor eating habits and a lack of exercise. "I am convinced that preventing disease by promoting better health is a smart policy choice for our future," Thompson told a conference held to launch the initiative. "Our current health care system is not structured to deal with the rising costs of treating diseases that are largely preventable through changes in our lifestyle choices. "
Thompson said heart disease and strokes will cost the country more than $351 billion in 2003. "These leading causes of death for men and women are largely preventable, yet we as a nation are not taking the steps necessary for us to lead healthier, longer lives," he said.
The $15 million is scheduled to go to communities to promote prevention, pushing for changes as simple as building sidewalks to encourage people to walk more. Daily exercise such as walking can prevent and even reverse heart disease and diabetes, and prevent cancer and strokes.
The money will also go to community organizations, clinics and nutritionists (营养开云kaiyun(中国)家)who are being encouraged to work together to educate people at risk of diabetes about what they can do to prevent it and encourage more cancer screening.
The American Cancer Society estimates that half of all cancers can be caught by screening. If such cancers were all caught by early screening, the Society estimates that the survival rate for cancer would rise t0 95 percent.
36 The $15 million program is aimed at
A promoting disease prevention.
B building more sidewalks.
C helping needy communities.
D wiping out chronic diseases.
37 Which of the following is NOT true of chronic diseases in the US?
A They account for 70% of all deaths.
B They are responsible for most of the health care costs.
C They often result in unhealthy lifestyles.
D They are largely preventable.
38 The author mentions the following as ways of disease prevention except
A better diet
B more exercise
C reduction on smoking.
D daily screening.
39 The passage indicates that more money spent on disease prevents will mean .
A greater responsibility of the government
B less money needed for disease treatment
C higher costs of health care
D more lifestyle choices for people
40.Early cancer screening can help reduce significantly
A the death rates for all chronic diseases
B the kinds of cancer attacking people
C the cancer incidence rate
D the cancer death rate
第三篇
Dangers Await Babies with Altitude
Women who live in the world’s highest communities tend to give birth to underweight babies. a new study suggests .These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes. .
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average. But it wasn't clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitudes or because their mothers are under-nourish-many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living tower down.
To find out more, Dino Giussain and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998. The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities: La Paz and Santa Cruz is the highest city in the world. At 3. 65 kilometer above sea level, while Santa Cruze is much lower. at 0. 44 kilometers.
Sure enough Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz. "This was true in both high and low-income families. Even babies born to poor family in Setnta Cruz were behavior on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty (地势极高的)La Paz. “We were very surprised by this result," says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies born at high altitudes are deprived of oxygen before birth. "This may trigger the release that regulate growth of the unborn child," says Giussani. His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have larger heads compared with their bodies. This is probably because a fetus ( 胚胎) starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of the body.
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life. People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood, for example. Low birthweight is a risk factor for coronary (冠状的) heart disease. And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.
41 What does the new study discover?
A Babies born to wealthy families are heavier. .
B Newborns in cities are lighter than average.
C Low-altitude babies have a high risk of health disease in later life
D Women living at high altitudes tend to give birth to underweight .
42 Giussani and his team are sure that
A people living in La Paz are poor than those in Santa Cruz.
B the birthweight of babies born to wealthy families is above average.
C babies born in La Paz are on average lighter than those in Santa Cruz,
D mothers in La Paz are commonly under-nourished.
43 It can be inferred from what Giussani says铺 Paragraph 4 that
A he was very tired. .:
B the finding was unexpected.
C the study took longer than expected.
D he was surprised to find low-income families in La Paz
44 The results of the study indica:k3 the reason for the birth of underweight babies is
A lack of certain nutrition
B poverty of their mothers.
C reduction of oxygen levels.
D different family backgrounds
45 It can be learnt from the last paragraph that
A underweight babies have a shorter life span.
B high-altitude babies tend to have high blood pressure in their later life
C babies born to poor families lack certain hormones before birth
D newborns in wealthy families have larger heads compared with their bodies
第5部分：补全短文(第46 ~50题，每题2分共10分)
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌
Lung Cancer
The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years percent in males (46) There are many possible causes, but.it is still controversial which are most blameworthy. Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants (刺激物) in the air, and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.
----- (47) Among heavy smokers—21 to 30 cigarettes per day-the mortality rate from nonsmokers. It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.
Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis. Too often, however, a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from X-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer. _ (48) Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger, at least to those over 40 years of age, that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely removed.(49) The tumor may grow until the bronchus (支气管) is blocked, cutting off the supply of air to that lung. The lung then collapses, and the secretions (分泌物) trapped in the lung spaces become infected, with a resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess (脓肿). Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as the brain and other parts of the body. The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure, before secondary growths have had time to form, is to remove the lung completely. _ _ (50)
Malignant (恶性的) tumors of the stomach, the breast and other organs may spread to the lungs, causing secondary growths.
A Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.
B A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma, so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus.
C It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts.
D Routine X-ray chest examination is not dangerous.
E Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained.
F This operation is called pneumonectomy.
第6部分：完形填空(第51~ 65题，每题1分，共15分)
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个选项。
Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System a Boost
Eating potatoes is not only good for system, especially when they come in the bowel health, but (51)of a study on an animal model, researchers found that pigs also for the whole immune potato salad or eaten cold. In ( 52 ) with large quantities of raw potato starch ( RPS) not only had a healthier bowel, but also decreased levels of white blood cells, such as leucocytes (白细胞) and lymphocytes (淋巴细胞) in their blood. White blood cells are produced as a result of inflammation or disease, generally when the body is (53) The general down-regulation of leucocytes (54) by the researchers suggests an overall beneficial effect, a generally more healthy body. The reduction in leucocyte levels was about 15 percent. Lower lymphocyte levels are also indicative levels of inflammation, but the observed reduction in both lymphocyte apoptosis (凋亡) is In what was the longest study of its _find out the effect of starch (淀粉) on bowel experiment is ( 55 ) reduced density and - ( 57) , pigs were fed RPS over 14 weeks to health. "The use of raw potato starch in this (58) to simulate the effects of a diet high in resistant starch," said study leader Jose Perez at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain umans do not eat raw potatoes,resistant starch, such as cold boiled percent of the starch _ (60) by ( 59) they do eat a lot of foods that certain potatoes, grains, and green bananas. About 10 human is resistant starch-starch that is not digested in the small intestine (小肠) and so is transferred into the large intestine N ( 61 ) it ferments (发酵). Starch consumption is thought to reduce the risk of large bowel cancer and may also have an effect _ (62) irritable bowel syndrome (lBS).
Immunology expert Lena Ohman’s team previously found that the overall lymphocyte levels do not _ (63) peripheral blood to the gut for lBS patients, but that lymphocytes are transferred from the(内脏), which support the hypothesis of lBS being at least - ( 64) an inflammatory disorder. She says the decrease in lymphocytes observed by the Spanish is therefore interesting, and a _ (65) of resistant starch may be worth trying in lBS patients.
51 A type B class C manner D form
52 A sent B brought C fed D taken
53 A challenged B considered C delivered D encouraged
54 A caused B observed C participated D covered
55 A of B to C into D in
56 A amusing B frustrating C surprising D charming
57 A shape B way C fashion D kind
58 A designated B designed C discovered D displayed
59 A so B but C since D as
60 A eaten B produced C searched D located
61 A when B which . C why D where
62 A on B onto C under D beneath
63 A choose B value C vary D increase
64 A totally B partially C luckily D pleasantly
65 A role B secret C function D diet
